Heat-Cured Acrylic Resin Plates on Surface Roughness in A 6.25% Siwak (Salvadora Persica) Effervescent Tablet Solution

Abstract

Background: Heat-cured acrylic resin is widely used as a denture base material due to its favorable aesthetic and biocompatible properties; however, denture hygiene must be maintained using cleaning agents that do not adversely affect surface characteristics. Siwak (Salvadora persica) contains antibacterial and antifungal compounds and has demonstrated inhibitory effects against Candida albicans at a concentration of 6.25%, indicating its potential as a natural denture cleanser. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of immersing heat-cured acrylic resin plates in a 6.25% siwak effervescent tablet solution on surface roughness. Methods: A true experimental study was conducted using 27 heat-cured acrylic resin plates (65 × 10 × 3.3 mm), divided into three groups: alkaline peroxide solution, 6.25% siwak effervescent tablet solution, and effervescent tablet solution without siwak. Immersion was performed for 15 minutes daily over an 8-day period at 37°C. Surface roughness was measured using a Surface Roughness Tester, and data were analyzed using Welch ANOVA. Results: All groups exhibited an increase in surface roughness after immersion. However, statistical analysis showed no significant difference among the three groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Immersion in a 6.25% siwak effervescent tablet solution did not significantly affect the surface roughness of heat-cured acrylic resin and can be considered safe for use as a denture cleaning agent.